Hanyoyin Tsaftacewa da Dabaru don Membranes na Juyawa (RO)

(An ba da shawarar yin aiki da ƙwararrun masu fasaha kawai)

I. Tsarin Tsaftacewa

1. Tsarin 1 (Don Sikelin Inorganic):
   • Abun da ke ciki: Maganin Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) 0.2%.
   • Matsayin pH: 2.0 – 3.0.
   • Mafi kyawun Zafin Jiki: 35°C.
2. Tsarin 2 (Don Hana Sulfate da Hana Colloid na Organic):
   • Abun da ke ciki: 0.1% Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) + 0.025% Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS).
   • Matsayin pH: 12.0.
   • Mafi kyawun Zafin Jiki: 30°C.

II. Tsarin Aiki

1. Shiri na Kayan Aiki

• Acid na Hydrochloric (36%): kwalabe 4 (500g a kowace kwalba).
• Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): Kwalabe 4 (500g a kowace kwalba).
• Ruwan da aka Tsarkake: 100 kg ( Lura: Amfani da ruwan da aka yi wa magani da ozone haramun ne sosai).
• Takardar Gwaji ta pH: Fakiti 1 (Jeri: 1–14).

2. Shirye-shiryen Sinadarai (Misali: Tsarin 1)

• Lissafa nauyin ruwan da ake buƙata don cike tankin tsaftacewa zuwa kashi 2/3 na ruwa.
• Sai a zuba sinadarai a cikin ruwan da aka tsarkake bisa ga yadda aka ƙayyade. A juya sosai har sai ya narke gaba ɗaya, sannan a zuba a cikin tankin tsaftacewa.
• Ga maganin HCl na 0.2%, pH na farko zai kasance kusan 1-2. Yayin da ake juyawa, ci gaba da gwada shi da takardar pH har sai an kai ga ƙimar da aka saba da ita ta 2-3 .
• Lura: Idan yanayi ya ba da dama, ya fi kyau a kiyaye zafin ruwan tsaftacewa tsakanin 35-40°C .

3. Tsarin Tsaftacewa

• Tsarin Bawul:
  • Buɗewa: Bawuloli masu zagayawa don tattarawa (ruwan ruwa) da kuma shiga cikin tankin tsaftacewa (ruwan samfurin) don ba da damar kwararar ruwa zuwa cikin tankin tsaftacewa.
  • A buɗe: Bawul ɗin shiga tsakanin tankin tsaftacewa da famfon tsaftacewa.
  • Rufe: Bawul ɗin fitarwa mai ƙarfi (magudanar ruwa) da kuma bawul ɗin shiga da ke kaiwa ga tankin ajiyar ruwa mai tsarki.
• Aiki: Saita tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki zuwa Yanayin hannu . Fara famfon tsaftacewa don fara zagayawa.
• Tsawon Lokaci: A yi ta zagayawa na tsawon awanni 1-2 .
• Kimantawa: Ka lura da ruwan da ke cikin tankin tsaftacewa. Idan ruwan ya yi datti, yana nuna nasarar tsaftacewa; idan ruwan ya kasance a sarari, tasirin ba shi da kyau.
• Kurkura: Bayan an gama zagayawa a cikin sinadarai, a zubar da ruwan tsaftacewa daga tankin. Dole ne a wanke sauran sinadarai da ke cikin membrane na tsawon kimanin awanni 1-2 . A wannan lokacin, a buɗe bawul ɗin fitar da sinadarai da kuma bawul ɗin fitar da sinadarai da ke shiga cikin ruwa gaba ɗaya.
• Komawa Aiki: Sai kawai a mayar da tsarin zuwa aiki na yau da kullun bayan an wanke shi na tsawon awanni 1-2 don tabbatar da an cire duk wani sinadari da ya rage.

Lura:

Gabaɗaya, ana zaɓar Formula 1 (Acid Wash) don tsaftacewa ta yau da kullun. Hanyar aiki don Formula 2 (Alkaline Wash) iri ɗaya ce da Formula 1.